What do we mean by efficiency? A holistic approach to reducing embodied carbon

Ian Poole explores ways to improve the utilisation ratio of designs, and encourages engineers to challenge assumptions that favour rationalisation over optimisation.

Will Arnold, Mike Cook, Duncan Cox, Orlando Gibbons and John Orr present SCORS – a proposed carbon rating scheme for structures – and encourage engineers to adopt carbon targets for their projects.

John Callanan shares his experience as a specialist structural steelwork fabricator to make the case for greater material efficiency as we respond to the climate emergency.